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American acrobat Nik Wallenda became the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.
US president George W. Bush designated 140,000 square miles (360,000 km2) around the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, now one of the world's largest protected areas.
Leaders of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan formed the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
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A bomb explodes on a bus in the Pakistani city of Quetta, killing at least 25 people and wounding 22 others.
The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonates a powerful truck bomb in the middle of Manchester, England, devastating the city centre and injuring 200 people.
The United States Supreme Court rules in United States v. Álvarez-Machaín that it is permissible for the United States to forcibly extradite suspects in foreign countries and bring them to the United States for trial, without approval from those other countries.
In the Philippines, Mount Pinatubo erupts in the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, killing over 800 people.
After the death of dictator Francisco Franco in 1975, the first democratic elections take place in Spain.
Cathay Pacific Flight 700Z is destroyed by a bomb over Pleiku, Vietnam (then South Vietnam) and kills 81 people.
World War II: The United States invades Saipan, capital of Japan's South Seas Mandate.
In the Saskatchewan general election, the CCF, led by Tommy Douglas, is elected and forms the first socialist government in North America.
World War II: Operation Aerial begins: Allied troops start to evacuate France, following Germany's takeover of Paris and most of the nation.
Following the 1920 Schleswig plebiscites, Northern Schleswig is transferred from Germany to Denmark.
John Alcock and Arthur Brown complete the first nonstop transatlantic flight when they reach Clifden, County Galway, Ireland.
A fire aboard the steamboat SS General Slocum in New York City's East River kills 1,000.
One of the deadliest tsunamis in Japan's history kills more than 22,000 people.
American Civil War: The Second Battle of Petersburg begins.
Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the "Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between American and British/Canadian settlers.
The Oregon Treaty extends the border between the United States and British North America, established by the Treaty of 1818, westward to the Pacific Ocean.
The looting of Safed commences.
New Hampshire approves the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratifying the document.
Virginia Colonists finished building James's Fort, to defend against Spanish and Indian attacks.
Pope Leo X threatens to excommunicate Martin Luther in Exsurge Domine.
In a decisive battle at Onon River, the Mongol forces of Oljei Temur were decimated by the Chinese armies of the Yongle Emperor.
Ottoman Interregnum: Süleyman Çelebi defeats his brother Musa Çelebi outside the Byzantine capital, Constantinople.
At the Battle of Rozgony, King Charles I of Hungary wins a decisive victory over the family of Palatine Amade Aba.
The Tiepolo conspiracy, seeking to seize power in the Republic of Venice, is thwarted after bloody street clashes in Venice. The suppression of the revolt will lead to the creation of the Council of Ten.
With the death of Frederick II, Duke of Austria, the Babenberg dynasty ends in Austria.
Northern Crusades: Danish victory at the Battle of Lindanise (modern-day Tallinn) establishes the Danish Duchy of Estonia.
King John of England puts his seal to Magna Carta.
The naval Battle of Fimreite is won by the Birkebeiner pretender Sverre Sigurdsson. Sigurdsson takes the Norwegian throne and King Magnus V of Norway is killed.
Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed and King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy.
Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II.
Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.