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Mount Ontake in central Japan unexpectedly erupted, killing 63 people in the nation's deadliest eruption in more than 100Â years.
The Taliban drove Afghan President Burhanuddin Rabbani out of Kabul, tortured and murdered former president Mohammad Najibullah, and established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
Led by pro-democracy activist Aung San Suu Kyi (pictured), the political party National League for Democracy was founded in Burma.
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Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: Azerbaijan launches an offensive against the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, inhabited predominantly by ethnic Armenians.
Over two million people participated in worldwide strikes to protest climate change across 2,400 locations worldwide.
63 people are killed in an eruption of Mount Ontake in Japan.
In Minneapolis, a gunman shoots eight people, killing six and injuring 2 and then kills himself.
CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk.
NASA launches the Dawn probe to the asteroid belt.
The SMART-1 satellite is launched.
In Switzerland, a gunman shoots 18 citizens, killing 14 and then himself.
The Google internet search engine retroactively claims this date as its birthday.
The Battle of Kabul ends in a Taliban victory; an Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is established.
Confusion on a tanker ship results in the Julie N oil spill in Portland, Maine.
The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.
Palestinian prisoners went on a 15-day hunger strike.
The National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and others to fight dictatorship in Myanmar.
Japan Airlines Flight 715 crashes on approach to Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport in Subang, Malaysia, killing 34 of the 79 people on board.
The last use of capital punishment in Spain sparks worldwide protests.
Texas International Airlines Flight 655 crashes into the Black Fork Mountain Wilderness near Mena, Arkansas, killing all 11 people on board.
The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 makes its maiden flight.
The Yemen Arab Republic is established.
Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring is published, inspiring an environmental movement and the creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Typhoon Vera kills nearly 5,000 people in Japan.
USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first person to exceed Mach 3. Shortly thereafter, the Bell X-2 goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.
Zeng Liansong's design is chosen as the flag of the People's Republic of China.
World War II: The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission during the war.
World War II: Last day of the Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marines barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces.
World War II: The Greek National Liberation Front is established with Georgios Siantos as acting leader.
The SSÂ Patrick Henry is launched, becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.
World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.
The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth is launched in Glasgow.
Bobby Jones wins the (pre-Masters) Grand Slam of golf.
The Republic of China is recognized by the United States.
King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, George II.
Iyasu V is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zewditu.
Production of the Model T automobile begins at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant in Detroit.
"Wreck of the Old 97": an American rail disaster, in which 11 people are killed; it later becomes the subject of a popular ballad.
The merchant sailing ship Ellen Southard is wrecked in a storm at Liverpool.
The paddle steamer SSÂ Arctic, owned by the Collins Line of New York, sinks off the coast of Newfoundland, following a collision with a smaller vessel, the SS Vesta. Only 88 of over 300 people on board survive. About a dozen of the occupants of the Vesta are killed when their lifeboat is hit by the Arctic.
The world's first public railway to use steam locomotives, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, is ceremonially opened with the engine Locomotion pulling wagons with coal and passengers from Shildon to Darlington to Stockton.
Jean-François Champollion officially informs the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres in France that he has deciphered the Rosetta Stone.
The Army of the Three Guarantees triumphantly enters Mexico City, led by AgustĂn de Iturbide. The following day Mexico is declared independent.
The National Assembly of France votes to award full citizenship to Jews.
American Revolution: Lancaster, Pennsylvania becomes the capital of the United States for one day after Congress evacuates Philadelphia.
The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year-long Siege of Candia.
The armies of Sweden are defeated by the PolishâLithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.
The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.
The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city.
After the brief Gollub War, the Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with Poland and Lithuania.
The Battle of PĆowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order. The Poles are defeated but their leaders escape capture.
William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England.